{"id":1120,"date":"2019-11-12T01:19:31","date_gmt":"2019-11-12T01:19:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fass.nus.edu.sg\/mls\/?p=1120"},"modified":"2020-10-20T01:20:06","modified_gmt":"2020-10-20T01:20:06","slug":"the-voices-of-suppressed-indigenous-malays-in-singapore-before-1867-unfolds-in-exhibition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fass.nus.edu.sg\/mls\/2019\/11\/12\/the-voices-of-suppressed-indigenous-malays-in-singapore-before-1867-unfolds-in-exhibition\/","title":{"rendered":"The voices of ‘suppressed’ indigenous Malays in Singapore before 1867 unfolds in exhibition"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Article is in Malay Language)<\/p>\n

Monday, 11 November 2019, BERITA Mediacorp<\/em><\/p>\n

Suara-suara pribumi Melayu ‘ditindas’ sebelum 1867 dirungkai dalam pameran
\n<\/strong>
\nOleh: <\/span>UMMU RABBISYFINA ABDUL HAMID<\/p>\n

SINGAPURA: Acara memperingati 200 Tahun Singapura bukan hanya membuka ruang untuk memberi pengiktirafan kepada para pemimpin Melayu yang menyumbang kepada pembangunan negara, malah ia juga memberi kesedaran dan pengajaran tentang golongan pribumi Melayu yang \u2018tersisih\u2019.<\/p>\n

Demikian hujah pensyarah Jabatan Pengajian Melayu<\/strong> di Universiti Nasional Singapura (NUS)<\/strong>, Dr Azhar Ibrahim<\/strong>. Beliau menambah, sudah tiba masanya untuk masyarakat Melayu memberi lebih banyak perhatian terhadap sejarah masyarakat mereka sendiri.<\/p>\n

Dr Azhar menyampaikan pandangannya itu ketika ditemui di pameran “Yang Tersurat: Singapura Sebelum 1867” (On Paper: Singapore Before 1867).<\/p>\n

SUARA PRIBUMI YANG TERKESAMPING<\/strong><\/p>\n

Menampilkan 150 bahan artifak, pameran yang terletak di Perpustakaan Negara itu meliputi rekod rasmi, bahan-bahan yang diterbitkan seperti buku, peta dan lukisan.Kesemua artifak itu menceritakan tentang kehidupan di Singapura sebelum 1867.<\/p>\n

Selain mengumpulkan 100 bahan pameran milik Perpustakaan Negara dan Arkib Negara Singapura, pameran itu juga mempamerkan 50 artifak yang dipinjam dari institusi luar.<\/p>\n

Antaranya ialah dua naskhah Syair – Syair Potong Gaji dan Syair Dagang Berjual Beli, yang dipinjam dari Perpustakaan Negara Perancis, iaitu Bibliotheque nationale de France.<\/p>\n

Menurut Dr Azhar, kedua syair tersebut ditulis oleh seorang penulis yang sama iaitu – Tuan Simi.<\/p>\n

Meskipun tidak diketui dengan mendalam tentang keperibadian Tuan Simi, namun tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa catatannya bukan sahaja penting dalam rekod sastera, malah juga kepada sejarah Singapura.<\/p>\n

Dianggap sebagai karya ‘langka’ yang berbentuk protes, penulisan Tuan Simi menceritakan tentang rasa tidak puas hatinya terhadap Syarikat Hindia Timur Inggeris (EIC) pada tahun 1830-an.<\/p>\n

“SEPERTI SETIMBANG LUDAH”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dalam Syair Potong Gaji misalnya, ia memberi gambaran bagaimana “kuli-kuli” Melayu dari Bengkulu menerima tamparan apabila gaji mereka dipotong ketika mereka bekerja di bawah EIC.<\/p>\n

Penindasan dalam sektor pekerjaan juga jelas digambarkan oleh Tuan Simi dalam Syair Potong Gaji yang mana para pekerja ditekan dengan kuat oleh orang atasan.<\/p>\n

“Digambarkan tiga orang punya kerja itu dibuat satu orang. Dengan gaji yang sangat rendah. Yang penting harga diri mereka itu tidak lagi dipertekankan.<\/p>\n

“Ada satu ayat yang dikata ‘harganya kami itu seperti setimbang ludah’ itu sangat pedih dan kita dapat rasakan bagaimana kelompok Melayu kelas bawah yang berada dalam konteks ekonomi kolonial tersisih dan terpinggir,” tekan Dr Azhar.<\/p>\n

BACA: Pelbagai perwajahan Stamford Raffles yang ‘kompleks’ dirungkai dalam pameran ini<\/p>\n

Begini bunyi salah satu bait daripada Syair Potong Gaji:<\/p>\n

Gaji yang dipotong kerja-kerja ditambah
\ntempat pekerjaan ditukar dipindah
\ndi manakah hati sekalian tak gundah
\nkerja yang bertiga seorang sudah<\/p>\n

Sampai hatinya sungguh perintah sekarang
\nmemberi kecewa pada sekalian orang
\nberlainan sekali dulu dan sekarang
\nsusahnya bukan lagi sekarang-barang<\/p>\n

Pemerhatian terhadap karya klasik seperti penulisan Tuan Simi penting menurut pakar akademik NUS itu kerana ia bukan setakat memperkenalkan masyarakat tentang penulis Melayu tempatan. Lebih dari itu, ia memperlihatkan isu kritikal yang lebih besar, iaitu tentang keadaan sehari-hari masyarakat yang selalunya tidak dirakam dalam sejarah dominan.<\/p>\n

“Kita sedia maklum bahawa pendekatan menulis sejarah, berbeza-beza ada aliran tertentu dan kecenderungan tertentu, namun kalau ada sesetengah pihak yang tidak menganggap ini adalah satu karya sejarah yang boleh disahihkan sebagai satu dokumentasi iaitu terpulang kepada mereka.<\/p>\n

“Tetapi yang tidak boleh dinafikan ialah ia merupakan satu teks sastera yang merakam tentang kehidupan, masyarakat pada waktu itu, dan teks itu wujud. Kalau dinafikan ketidakhadirannya adalah satu penafian sejarah,” tegas Dr Azhar, memberi respons tentang kesahihan teks sastera bagi dijadikan sebagai bahan rujukan sejarah.<\/p>\n

BACA: Bagaimana teks Sejarah Melayu buktikan Singapura bukan ‘kampung yang mundur’<\/p>\n

RAKAMAN PIHAK PENJAJAH YANG TIDAK TEPAT<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pameran tersebut turut mempamerkan sebuah banci penduduk yang difahamkan ‘tidak tepat’.<\/p>\n

Banci yang dijalankan oleh pihak British itu menunjukkan jumlah penduduk pada tahun 1824 adalah sekitar 10,000 orang.<\/p>\n

Namun Pustakawan Kanan Lembaga Perpustakaan Negara (NLB), Encik Mazelan Anuar berkata rekod yang dicatat dalam banci tersebut adalah tidak tepat.<\/p>\n

Encik Mazelan berkongsi bahawa percanggahan itu berlaku kerana banci penduduk hanya dijalankan di tempat-tempat yang diketahui pihak British sahaja.<\/p>\n

Selain daripada itu, terdapat pelbagai faktor lain yang menyumbang kepada ketidaktepatan banci yang dijalankan pihak British itu, tambah Encik Mazelan.<\/p>\n

“Sebenarnya… bukan kerana sengaja, tetapi juga kerana mereka (British) ada halangan, atau kekurangan sumber untuk melakukan banci tersebut.<\/p>\n

“Jadi, tak semestinya kita tolak tepi bahan-bahan orang Barat yang mungkin tidak tepat. Tapi kita juga boleh menggunakan bahan-bahan yang ditulis oleh bahan setempat Singapura kerana kita tahu juga ada penulis-penulis seperti Munshi Abdullah dan Tuan Simi dan juga bangsa-bangsa lain yang menghasilkan karya mereka,” kata Encik Mazelan.<\/p>\n

Pameran On Paper: Singapore Before 1867 akan berlangsung sehingga 22 Mac ini.<\/p>\n

\u2013 BERITAmediacorp\/ur<\/p>\n

by Ummu Rabbisyfina Abdul Hamid for BERITAMediacorp<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Article is in Malay Language) Monday, 11 November 2019, BERITA Mediacorp Suara-suara pribumi Melayu ‘ditindas’ sebelum 1867 dirungkai dalam pameran Oleh: UMMU RABBISYFINA ABDUL HAMID SINGAPURA: Acara memperingati 200 Tahun Singapura bukan hanya membuka ruang untuk memberi pengiktirafan kepada para pemimpin Melayu yang menyumbang kepada pembangunan negara, malah ia juga memberi kesedaran dan pengajaran tentang […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"#ffffff","slide_template_v7":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[36],"class_list":["post-1120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-in-the-news","tag-in-the-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe voices of 'suppressed' indigenous Malays in Singapore before 1867 unfolds in exhibition - 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