Researchers


LEE Cher Leng (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Chinese Pragmatics, Code-switching, Singapore Mandarin, Chinese Language Education in Singapore


YUNG Sai-Shing (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Anthropology of Chinese Theater, History of Chinese Opera in Singapore/Malaysia (1880-1965), Cultural History of Cantonese Opera/Music (1900-1950), Print Culture and Chinese Literature


Dean Kenneth (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Singapore Chinese temples, The Henghua temple networks in Southeast Asia, Nanyang Chinese in modern Chinese history, History of Religion in China: Daoist Studies, Comparative study of Chinese regional history


LEE Chee Hiang (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): History and Culture of Overseas Teochew Communities, Chinese Clan Associations in Singapore, Studies on Monuments in Singapore, Charity Enterprises and Cultural Dissemination: A Study of Chaozhou Charity Halls in Singapore, Chinese Personalities in Singapore and Malaysia


WONG Sin Kiong (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): The Chinese in British Malaya and Singapore, Hakka Leaders and Communities in Southeast Asia, Comparative studies of Chinese Communities in Southeast Asia


HUE Guan Thye (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Chinese Folk Religion, Chinese in Singapore and Malaysia, Chinese Education in Singapore and Malaysia


HWANG Yin (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Chinese visual art & contemporary Asian art


LO Yuet Keung (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Chinese literature in Singapore, Confucianism, Early Taoism, Buddhist narrative, Buddhist culture and its assimilation and acculturation in China, Lives of Chinese women in traditional China, Childhood and norms of socialization in China


KOH Khee Heong (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Singapore Chinese religious practices, Ming-Qing Intellectual History, Chinese Kinship Organizations, State-Society Relation in Late Imperial China, Neo-Confucianism


ONG Chang Woei (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Singapore Chinese religious practices, Intellectual History of Later and Late Imperial China, Military History of Later Imperial China, Singapore History, Transnational Networks of the Hokkien Communities


XU Lanjun (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Xinyao songs, Twentieth-Century Chinese Literature and Film, Cultural History of Youth and Children in Twentieth-century China


LEE Cheuk Yin (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Singapore Chinese Literature, Chinese intellectual history, Taoism and East Asian Confucianism, History and culture of the Ming Dynasty


LAM Lap (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Singapore Chinese Poetry, popular literature in imperial China


SU Jui-Lung (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Taoist ceremony of spirit marriage in contemporary Singapore, Zhiguai (Recording the Strange) and Chuanqi (Transmitting the Unusual) Fiction, Popular Religions and Daoism


PHUA Chiew Pheng (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Archaic Chinese Grammar, Singapore Mandarin, Chinese Historical Linguistics


CHAN Cheow Thia (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Modern Chinese Literature, Singapore and Malaysian Chinese Literature, Southeast Asian Chinese Studies, Diaspora Studies


KWEE Hui Kian (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Southeast Asian History (especially Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore), Monsoon Asia (South China Sea, Indian Ocean), Colonialism and Imperialism (especially Dutch and British), Capitalism, Chinese Ethnicity, Migration, Religion, Transnationalism and Entrepreneurial Networks


LEE Hui Huan (Member)

Department(s): Chinese Studies
Keyword(s): Characteristics of Interpreting Political Speeches in Singapore, Best practice in Interpreting between English and Mandarin/Hokkien/Cantonese


CHO Hichang (Member)

Department(s): Communications and New Media
Keyword(s): Computer-Mediated Communication, Computer-Supported, Collaborative Learning (CSCL), Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Online Privacy and Internet Security, Social Networks, Electronic Commerce


YUE Audrey (Member)

Department(s): Communications and New Media
Keyword(s): Sinophone Media Cultures, Cultural Policy and Development, Queer Asian Studies, Communicative Cities, Urban Development, Urban Communities


Nekmat Elmie (Member)

Department(s): Communications and New Media
Keyword(s): Social psychology processes and effects in computer-mediated communication, Digital source and information evaluation, Digital civic engagement and expression, Public opinion formation and perception, Public relations and strategic communication, Social media


WU Shangyuan (Member)

Department(s): Communications and New Media
Keyword(s): Journalism in the digital age, Global journalism studies, Political economy of communication, Comparative media analysis, Development studies


TAY Jinna (Member)

Department(s): Communications and New Media
Keyword(s): Asian media studies, Fashion and lifestyle journalism, Cultural and national identities, Television studies, Experiential learning & pedagogy


HONG Renyi (Member)

Department(s): Communications and New Media
Keyword(s): Labour, Affect theory, Critical theory, Critical software studies


ZHANG Weiyu (Member)

Department(s): Communications and New Media
Keyword(s): Online deliberation and civic tech, New media and civic engagement in Asia, Chinese Internet and politics, Multitasking with new media


CHIA Ngee Choon (Member)

Department(s): Economics
Keyword(s): Economics of Aging, Health Economics


TSUI Ka Cheng Albert (Member)

Department(s): Economics
Keyword(s): Demography, Economics of Aging, Time Series Models


LEE Soo Ann (Member)

Department(s): Economics
Keyword(s): Spirituality and Economic Activity, Normative Economics, Public Choice, The Singapore Economy


CHUNG Wee-Wee, Connie (Member)

Department(s): Economics
Keyword(s): The Chinese Economy, Development Economics, The Singapore Economy, Money and Banking


KAPUR Basant K. (Member)

Department(s): Economics
Keyword(s): Dynamic Models of Trade and R&D, Structural Change and Endogenous Growth, Housing Price Dynamics, The Singapore Economy; Growth and Well-Being


SEAH Kelvin (Member)

Department(s): Economics
Keyword(s): Applied Microeconomics, Population Economics, and Labour Economics


LIU Haoming (Member)

Department(s): Economics
Keyword(s): Labor and Demographic Economics; Health, Education, and Welfare; Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth


Lazar Michelle Maria (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Media and Political Discourse, Gender


GOH Robbie B.H. (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Christianity in Asia, Gothic Studies, Commodity Culture and Theory


BAO Zhiming (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Contact Linguistics and Theoretical Phonology


CHNG Huang Hoon (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Asian Feminism, Gender Identities


PAKIR Anne (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Language Policy and Planning, World Englishes, English in Southeast Asia


WEE Lionel (Steering Committee)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Language Policy and Planning in Southeast Asia, Singapore English


PATKE Rajeev (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): English Writing from Southeast Asia, Modernism and Postcolonial Writing


PHILLIPS John W.P. (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Postcolonialism, Deconstruction, Cities, Visual Culture, Modernist Poetics, Military Technology


Loon Robin (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Singapore English Language Theatre Dramaturgy as discursive and creative practice Creative and practice-based pedagogy Performance and performativity in media and popular culture Postmodern aesthetics in theatre Modernising traditional theatre and performance Sexuality in theatre and performance The practice of translation in Theatre Documenting and memorializing through Theatre


HIRAMOTO Mie (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Contact linguistics: Second dialect acquisition, Koineization, Pidgins and creoles, Hawai‘i Creole, Singapore English Language, gender, and sexuality: Critical discourse analysis, Women's language, Masculinity studies Linguistic Anthropology: Linguistic construction of identity, Media intertexuality, Textual discourse Austronesian languages: Indonesian, Polynesian languages, Phonology/morphology interface, Comparative methods


LEE Nala, Huiying (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Creolistics, language documentation, language endangerment, sociophonetics, typology. Baba Malay, Colloquial Singapore English, and other contact languages.


LEE Leslie (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Pattern/construction-theoretic approaches to linguistics, Interfaces between (*word-based*) morphology, (*non-derivational*) syntax, and (lexical) semantics, Dialectal variation, Quantitative approaches to the study of language, Experimental and corpus-based studies of phenomena in colloquial Singapore English (Singlish)


OOI Vincent B. Y. (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Corpus linguistics, Computer-mediated communication, 'New' Varieties of English, including Singaporean and Malaysian English, Lexical semantics, lexicology & lexicography, General and applied linguistics


TAN Peter K W (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Linguistic hybridity in relation to language use in Singapore and Malaysia, Singaporean and Malaysian English as various norms have acted upon them, Singaporean and Malaysian prose writing in English, Computer-mediated communication (Netspeak, E-language) as a relatively new medium, Singapore English, discourse studies and stylistics.


SANKARAN Chitra (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Ecological Criticism (Ecofeminism; Deep Ecology; Posthumanism), South Asian Fiction In English, South East Asian Women's Fiction, Gender Studies, Feminist Pedagogy, Feminist Ethics & Aesthetics, Comparative Literature (English & Tamil)


LIM Eng Hui Alvin (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Intercultural theatre, digital archiving, religion, spirituality and technology, and travelling cultures


LIM Edna (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Contemporary Hollywood and Asian cinema, issues in adaptation and popular culture, and Singapore film and television.


STARR Rebecca Lurie (Member)

Department(s): English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies
Keyword(s): Sociolinguistic variation, bilingual acquisition, media and style


GRUNDY-WARR Carl (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Geopolitics, Border Spaces, Thailand and Political Ecology


HUANG Shirlena (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Transnational Labour Migration, Gender and Migration, Religion, Internet and Migration


YEOH Brenda Saw Ai (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Transnationalism and Global Cities, Gender and Migration, Multiculturalism and Migration, Health Geographies


YEUNG Wai Chung Henry (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Economic Geography, Development, ASEAN


HO Elaine Lynn-Ee (Steering Committee)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Singaporeans' Transnational Migration


RAMDAS Kamalini (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Privilege, feminist care ethics and conflictual dialogue in the classroom, Community politics, rights, gender and sexuality in Singapore, Ethics, responsibility and governmentalisation in the casinos in Singapore


LIN Weiqiang (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Chinese migration to Singapore, Production of airspace and aviation infrastructures, Global logistics, circulations and supply chains, International transport and climate change


BUNNELL Timothy (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Urban Landscape and national identity, Malay networks identities, Urban aspirations and travels


ROTH Matthias (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Urban heat islands, Urban climatology, Energy balance and CO2 exchange in urban environments, Cities and climate change


CHANG Tou Chuang (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Tourism Arts and Street Art in Singapore, Heritage Conservation in Singapore, Arts Policies in Singapore


FENG Chen-Chieh (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Spatial data modelling and spatial information theory, Cyberinfrastructure, GIS and Education


WANG Yi-Chen (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Biogeography; landscape ecology, Spatial epidemiology, GIS and remote sensing applications


FARRELL Brian P. (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): British and British Empire Military History


LAU Albert K.H. (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Political and Constitutional History, National History, International History of Southeast Asia


Long SR Joey (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Cold and hot wars in post-WWII Southeast Asia History of American foreign relations with Asia History of Singapore Asia-Pacific security


BARNARD Timothy P. (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Southeast Asia, Malay World, Cultural History, Environmental History


BORSCHBERG Peter (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): The origins of modern international law and the law of nations, Maritime history, Early modern diplomacy, Historical cartography


BRUNERO Donna (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Singapore Studies, Business History, Maritime History, Imperial History


CHIA Jack Meng-Tat (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Southeast Asia-China Interactions; Buddhism; Chinese Popular Religion; Chinese Diaspora; South China Sea (maritime networks, migration and religion)


HUANG Jianli (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Party Policies on Student Politics in China, 1920s-1940s, Local Self-Government in Wartime Chongqing, 1937-1945, Postwar Singapore Chinese Community, Sino-Southeast Asia Interactions, Chinese Overseas Diaspora Studies


LOW Sharon (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Singapore Studies, European History


KWA Chong Guan (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Singapore history/historiography


SENG Guo-Quan (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): Chinese migration, Transregional Asia (China, Indonesia, Singapore), Imperial formations and decolonization in Asia, History of capitalism


THANG Leng Leng (Member)

Department(s): Japanese Studies
Keyword(s): East Asian Society and Culture, Intergenerational Programming, Intergenerational Relationships, Aging, Gender


SURATMAN Suriani (Member)

Department(s): Malay Studies
Keyword(s): Malay culture and society in Singapore


ALJUNIED Khairudin (Member)

Department(s): Malay Studies
Keyword(s): Malay culture, identity, and arts in Singapore


AZHAR Ibrahim (Member)

Department(s): Malay Studies
Keyword(s): Malay Literature in Singapore, Religion and society, deviance and social control, sensory studies


Bte Abdul Rahman Noor Aisha (Member)

Department(s): Malay Studies
Keyword(s): Malay legal history and institutions, Muslim law and its administration in Singapore and Malaysia, Sociology of religion (Islam and Malay religious orientations)


ABDULLAH Noorman (Member)

Department(s): Malay Studies
Keyword(s): Religion and society, deviance and social control, sensory studies


HAQUE M. Shamsul (Member)

Department(s): Political Science
Keyword(s): Sustainable Development, New Political Economy, Environmental Politics and Security, Electronic Governance, Privatization and New Public Management, Non-government Organization, Ethnicity and the State, Gender and Governance, Administrative Ethics and Accountability, Bureaucratic Politics and State Policy, Critical Theory and Development, Globalization and National Sovereignty, Development Theory and Praxis


LEE Terence (Member)

Department(s): Political Science
Keyword(s): Civil-military Relations, Military Organizations, International Security, International Relations Theory, Comparative Politics, Southeast Asian Politics


SINGH Bilveer (Member)

Department(s): Political Science
Keyword(s): International Relations and Comparative Politics


ONG Elvin (Member)

Department(s): Political Science
Keyword(s): Authoritarian regimes, Opposition parties and alliances, Unfree and unfair elections, Political economy of development, Southeast Asia (particularly Malaysia, Singapore, and Cambodia)


CHONG Ja Ian (Member)

Department(s): Political Science
Keyword(s): Security, External Intervention, Sovereignty, Nationalism, International and Domestic Political Institutions, Politics of Hegemony and Domination, Major Power Rivalry, International Relations and Politics of the Asia-Pacific, Chinese Foreign Policy, U.S.-China Relations, Chinese Politics, Political Liberalisation and Foreign and Security Policy, Alliance Politics


WONG Reuben (Member)

Department(s): Political Science
Keyword(s): European foreign policy, Regionalism and integration theory, Human rights, Security, Asia-Europe relations


TEOH Jennifer (Member)

Department(s): Psychology
Keyword(s): Offender assessment and rehabilitation issues, Forensic applications in child abuse issues


SINGH Leher (Member)

Department(s): Psychology
Keyword(s): Role of variability on early spoken word recognition and word learning in infants, infant predictors of childhood language abilities, relationship between multilingualism on cognitive and language development


LEE Li Neng (Member)

Department(s): Psychology
Keyword(s): Optimising Learning and Teaching, Positive Psychology in Educational Settings, Religion


LIM Wee Hun Stephen (Member)

Department(s): Psychology
Keyword(s): Cognition: Cognitive psychology applied to education, Music cognition and education


HONG Yee Shiun, Ryan (Member)

Department(s): Psychology
Keyword(s): Social, Personality, and Industrial-Organizational Psychology: Personality and psychopathology, Dispositional-trait and social-cognitive perspectives of personality, Personality vulnerabilities to mood anxiety and substance use disorders


ALJUNIED Mariam (Member)

Department(s): Psychology
Keyword(s): Special educational needs and learner diversity; Autism and developmental disabilities; Cognitive assessments for children


GWEE Kenji (Member)

Department(s): Psychology
Keyword(s): Psychological assessments, Psycholegal research, Memory for crimes


Amtzis Rachel (Steering Committee)

Department(s): Other FASS Department
Keyword(s): Development, Development Communication, Bottom-up/Participatory Development and Communication, Social Media, Social Network Sites, NGOs, Philanthropy, Cinema, Cities, Urban/Rural divide, Digital divide, Globalization/Localization, Fundraising, Nepal, South Asia, Social Impact Games, Postcolonialism, Global South


NG Yue Hoong Irene (Member)

Department(s): Social Work
Keyword(s): Poverty and Inequality, Youth Crime, Youth Employment, Criminal and Juvenile Justice, Social Welfare Policy


LEE Geok Ling (Member)

Department(s): Social Work
Keyword(s): Palliative Care and End-of-Life Related Issues, Infertility Related Issues, Loss and Grief, Qualitative Research Methods


CHOO Hyekyung (Member)

Department(s): Social Work
Keyword(s): Systemic influences on adolescents' health risk behaviors. Children and adolescents' video-gaming addiction and cyberwellness. Adolescent children of immigrants and their mental health and health risk behaviors, Social service program evaluation


GOH Esther C L (Member)

Department(s): Social Work
Keyword(s): Bilateral parent-child dynamics, Children as agentic beings in cultural contexts, Cross-cultural childrearing: China, Singapore Intergenerational dynamics within families, Impact of problem gambling on family and intergenerational dynamics, Social Work practice-based evidence research, Religion as social support for immigrants in Singapore


VASOO S (Member)

Department(s): Social Work
Keyword(s): Community Development, Aging, Social and Volunteer Participation and Social Policies, Social Impact of Retrenchment, Corporate Philanthropy


WONG Yuh Ju, Peace (Member)

Department(s): Social Work
Keyword(s): Children & Youth Issues, Youth-at-risk & Juvenile Delinquents, School Social Work, Supervision & Support for Social Workers


CHOKKANATHAN Srinivasan (Member)

Department(s): Social Work
Keyword(s): Well being of older adults, Family violence, Scale construction, Program evaluation, Adoption of children


CHAN Angelique (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Sociology of Life Course and Aging


CHUA Beng Huat (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Sociology of Housing and Urban Planning, Social and Political Theory, Consumerism in Asia


Ganapathy Narayanan (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Sociology of Deviance, Criminology, Criminal Justice, Sociology of Policing and Social Control


GOH Pei Siong Daniel (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Colonialism/Postcolonialism, Transnationalism, Multiculturalism and Race in Singapore and Malaysia, Social History of Art in Singapore


HO Kong Chong (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Globalization and Inter-City Competition, Civic Spaces and Urban Politics, Economic Restructuring and Development Policies, Internet and Society


SINHA Vineeta (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Political Economy of Health, Comparative Sociology and Anthropology of Religion, Hindu Religiosity in the Indian Diaspora


TAN Ern Ser (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Political Values, Governance and Democracy, Class and Stratification, Citizenship and National Identity, Ethnic Relations, Industrial Relations, Elderly


FENG Qiushi (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Singapore's Population and Household Projection


CHUA Vincent (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Personal Communities; Social Capital and Inequality; Education


LOW Kelvin E.Y. (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Sociology of the Senses; Social Memory and Historiography; Everyday Life; Migration and Transnationalism


RADICS George (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Sociology of Law; Law and Society; Sociology of Emotions; Postcolonial Studies; Southeast Asian Studies


THOMPSON Eric C. (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Gender Studies; Agrarian Transitions; Urbanism; Transnationalism


KWEK Ivan (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Media-Related Practices; Ethnicity and the Everyday, Politics of Difference (especially in the Malay worlds), Anthropology of “the Future”


CHUA Hui Ching Emily (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Anthropology of news and journalism, Digital media and communications, Media technologies and cultures, Political culture in authoritarian states, Socialism, late-socialism, post-socialism and capitalism, Anthropology of money and markets, Technology and entrepreneurship (aka "Technopreneurship"), Startup culture


MU Zheng (Member)

Department(s): Sociology and Anthropology
Keyword(s): Marriage and Family, Fertility, Ethnicity, Migration; Contemporary China; Comparative Studies; Quantitative Methods, Mixed Methods.


BHATTACHARYA Jayati (Member)

Department(s): South Asian Studies
Keyword(s): Singapore-India relations in the perspectives of diasporic strategies, continuity of cultural interactions, changing politico-economic relations and influence of the Diaspora in facilitating the bi-lateral relations


RAI Rajesh (Member)

Department(s): South Asian Studies
Keyword(s): South Asian Diasporic culture in Singapore, Hindi in Singapore, Transnational identities, nationalism and the postcolonial history and politics of South Asia


HAMZAH bin Muzaini (Member)

Department(s): Southeast Asian Studies
Keyword(s): How heritage associated with the Second World War is currently (and historically) commemorated in Singapore and Malaysia, conceptualised around postcolonial theory, materiality, cyber-memorialisation, transnational deaths, the immanent past, and practices of power and resistance in everyday spaces


Abdul Hamid Mohamed Effendy (Member)

Department(s): Southeast Asian Studies
Keyword(s): Asian history, World History, Pre-colonial and Colonial Southeast Asian history of both Mainland and Maritime Southeast Asia


SASGES Gerard (Member)

Department(s): Southeast Asian Studies
Keyword(s): Vietnam Imperialism and Colonialism, Cold War, Science and Technology, Environmental History


JARADI Priya (Member)

Department(s): History
Keyword(s): India-Singapore museum exchange; The role of South Asian women in collecting; Craft practices in contemporary Asian art


BRADY Dylan (Member)

Department(s): Geography
Keyword(s): Political Geography, Cultural Geography